TECHNICAL BULLETIN on Project Code: TF 07-C (Adaptation of newly released HYV oil seeds (Mustard, Groundnut, Soybean and Sesame) in Charland of Padma)

Project Code: TF 07-C (Adaptation of newly released HYV oil seeds (Mustard,  Groundnut, Soybean and Sesame) in Charland of Padma)

Principal Investigator: Dr. Md. Abul Khayer Mian

Implementing Organization : Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute

Project Locations: Lokhikunda and BBC Bazar of Ishwardi in Pabna, and Golapnagar of Vheramera and Philipnagar of Daulatpur in Kushtia.

Project Duration:36 Months; From May 20, 2013 to May 19, 2016

Introduction              

Charland of river system is an unfavourable ecosystem covering an area of 0.82 million hectares in Bangladesh. Generally charland is less productive and ever remains fallow in most of the part of the year. But there is a grater possibility of growing crops in this adverse ecosystem of charland. HYV oilseeds can be introduced in charland for improving crop productivity. Crop production techniques in charland are different from plain land. Crop production at charland mainly depends on rainfed and residual soil moisture. Charland is also nutrient deficit area. So, suitable crop varieties which are tolerant to moisture stress are to be screened out. Although the farmers’ of charland grow some crops but they do not use improve crop varieties and production technologies. Generally, the farmers’ of charland cultivate local variety of different crops and follow their local crop production practices. These are the main causes of low yield of crops in charland. Therefore, it is essential to improve crop productivity in charland through adaptation of new HYVs of oil seed crops along with their improved production technologies.    

Specific objective(s):                                                                                                 

1. To select HYV oil seed crop varieties suitable for growing in charland of Padma.

2. To scale-up the best oil seed crop varieties with best management practices in the charland of padma.

3. To improve knowledge and skill of the farmers of the project area on production technology of selected oilseed crop varieties. 

Approaches and Methodologies:

Approaches

Adaptive trials were conducted in farmers’ field at four locations (Lokhikunda and BBC Bazar of Ishudi in Pabna, and Golapnagar of vheramara and Philipnagar of Daulatpur in Kushtia) of Charland of Padma (consecutive two years of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015). On the basis of two years results suitable varieties were selected for large plot demonstration. Then large block demonstration was executed with best management practices (2015-2016). Common Interest Group (CIG) farmers were selected in this purpose. Training, demonstration and field days, workshop were the means of adoption of newly released HYV mustard, groundnut, soybean and sesame in the charland. Training was arranged for the capacity building of field assistants and the selected farmers. Inputs supports (seed, fertilizer pesticides etc.) were provided to the farmers. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (Agronomy, RARS, Ishwardi) was the leading organization. OFRD, BARI, Kushtia and NGO-Voluntary Rural Development Society (VRDS) were other two implementing units of the project. Project completion workshop was organized with the personells of argricultural extension department, OFRD, NGO and other relevant stekholders for informing the findings of the project.

Methodologies

Adaptive trials were conducted with newly developed HYV mustard, groundnut, soybean and sesame at four locations of charland of Padma to fulfill the objectives of the project. From the previous experience, suitable oil seeds varieties of BARI and BINA were chosen for this purpose. Mustard varieties were viz. BARI sarisha 11, BARI sarisha 14, BARI sarisha 15, BARI sarisha 16, BINA sarisha 4, BARI sarisha 8 and local. Groundnut varieties were as Dhaka 1, BARI badam 8, BARI badam 9, BINA badam 4 and local. Soybean varieties were like Sohag, Bangladesh soybean 4, BARI soybean 5, BINA soybean 1 and local. Sesame varieties were named BARI till 3, BARI till 4, BINA till 1, BINA till 2 and local. These varieties were screened in farmers’ fields for selection of better perfuming ones (First year of 2013-2014 and second year of 2014-2015). Trials were conducted in RCB design with five dispersed replications. Crop management was done as per recommendation of BARI and BINA. Key data was collected and analyzed. Means were separated by LSD_(0.05) and economic parameters were calculated. Farmer’s reactions about technology were evaluated. Results were compiled and report was prepared half yearly basis. Reports were submitted to KGF authority and presented in the schedule workshop organized by KGF. Better performing varieties (BARI Sarisha 11, BINA Sarisha 8, BARI Badam 8 and BARI Till 4) were demonstrated in large block (Third year of 2015-2016). Four blocks demonstration were conducted at each location. Total eighty farmers were involved in large block demonstration of mustard, groundnut and sesame. Key data was recorded and reported.

Results/Outputs: Mustard varieties viz. BARI Sharisha-11 and BINA Sarisha-8; soybean varieties named BINA Soybean-1, and BARI soybean-5; sesame varieties named BARI Till-4; groundnut variety BARI Badam-8 exhibited better performance in respect of yield and economic returns at four locations (Table 1). Farmers are interested to cultivate these HYV mustard, sesame and groundnut varieties but they are not interested to cultivate soybean due to marketing problem. Key management options of the best performing varieties are given in Table 2 and Table 3.

Table 1. Yield and economic returns of the best performing oil seed varieties in charland

              (Average of 3 years over 4 locations)

Crop variety	Yield Range (kg/ha)	Average yield (kg/ha)	Gross return (Tk./ha)	Gross margin (Tk./ha)	BCR
BARI Sarisha 11	1267-1917	1602	80100	41289	2.06
BINA Sarisha 8	1235-1818	1522	76100	37289	1.96
BARI Badam 8	1938-2433	2298	183850	123622	3.05
BARI Till 4	1298-1407	1334	66681	34811	2.09
BARI Soybean 5	1093-2380	1708	68320	30590	1.81
BINA Soybean 1	1132-1807	1488	59520	21790	1.58

Table 2. Use of best management options of selected oil seed crop varieties in charland

Crop	Sowing time	Weeding time (DAS)	Irrigation time (DAS)	Harvesting time (DAS)
Mustard	15 Nov.-30 Nov.	15-20	20-25	95-110
Groundnut	15 Dec.-5 Jan.	20-30	50-55	138-145
Sesame	15 March-5 April	20-25	20-25	90-100
Soybean	1 Nov.-30 Nov.	15-20	25-30	110-110

3. Use of fertilizer dose of selected oil seed crop varieties in charland 

Crop	Urea (kg/ha)	TSP (Kg/ha)	MOP (Kg/ha)	Gypsum (Kg/ha)	Zinc Sulphate (kg/ha)	Boric Acid (kg/ha)
Mustard	250-300	170-180	85-100	150-180	5-7	10-15
Groundnut	30-50	150-170	80-90	160-180	4-5	10
Sesame	100-125	130-150	40-50	100-110	4-5	8-10
Soybean	50-60	150-175	100-120	80-115	1-2	8-10

Benefits/Outcomes: Suitable HYV Oilseed crop varieties were adapted in project area. Yield increased through adaptation of these suitable varieties along with best management practices. Farmer’s knowledge improved about HYV oilseed crop varieties and their production technologies. Personells of department of agricultural extension, OFRD, NGO and other relevant stekholders were known to the findings of the project.       

Recommendation(s)  :  BARI Sharisha-11, BINA Sarisha-8, BARI Till-4 and BARI Badam-8 can be grown suitably in charland for improving crop productivity and better economic returns for the farmers. Up-scaling of the suitable varieties of mustard, groundnut and sesame is needed for increasing production of oil seed in charland.  New project is needed for this purpose including large area of different charland.     

Expected Impact: New HYV oil seed crop varities replaced the older varities in project area. Yield of oil seed crop varities is improved (). Oil seed production increased in charland area. Lively hood of farmers at charland is improved. Fallow area of challand is utilized and improved cropping system in charland. Increased oil seed production contributed to reduce oil import with saving foreign exchange. 

Adaptation of oil seed crops for improving productivity and net income of farmers’ of at river basin (Charland) of Padma.

Dr. Md. Abul Khayer Mian

Principal Scientific Officer

Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

E-mail:mianmd.abulkhayer@yahoo.com

Three adaptive trials of mustard, groundnut and sesame with improved production package were conducted at four locations of charland (river basin) of Padma under a project of KGF, BARC, Bangladesh. BARI and VRDS jointly worked for improving crop productivity and socio-economic condition of farmers of selected area. Adaptive trials were conducted in RCB design with 5 dispersed replications. Statistical analysis was done and LSD _(0.05) was used to compare the means. Economic performance of crops and socio-economic condition of farmers were also evaluated. Charland is an adverse ecosystem. Production of crop is a hard task. Irrigation facility is lacking. Communication is very hard and very little expansion works. Bangladesh has about 0.83 million hectares of charland. Bangladesh government has given thrust to improve crop productivity of charland. Hence the project is executed for consecutive two years of 2013-14 and 2014-15. On basis of two years results it is concluded that mustard variety, BINA Sarisha-8 and BARI Sharisha-11 showed better performance in respect of yield (1522-1602 kg/ha) and economic returns (Gross margin of Tk. 37289-41289/ha and BCR of 1.96-2.06) at four locations of the river basin of Padma. Yield improved 30-50 percent of mustard. Groundnut variety, Dhaka-1 and BARI Badam-8 gave higher nut yield (1938-2433 kg/ha) at four locations. Yield improved 20-25 percent of groundnut. Sesame variety BARI Til-4 performed better (seed yield of 1298-1407 kg/ha and BCR of 2.01-2.09) at four locations. Yield improved 30-50 percent. Farmers are interested to cultivate these varieties for higher productivity and net returns. Land area of oil seed crops increased (25%) at charland through adaptation of HYVs with improved production technologies. Scio-economic condition of farmers of project area also improved through project activities. The impact of the project is appreciated. Need more fund to accelerate the developmental works at the charland area of Bangladesh.  

Training of the Project

BINA Sarisha-8

BARI Sarisha-11

Adaptation of Groundnut variety BARI groundnut-8 at Charland of Padma under KGF Project

Nut yield of BARI groundnut-8 ranged 1938-2433 kg/ha with an average yield of 2298 kg/ha (average of four locations over two years) in the Charland of Padma under KGF Project TF-07C. There is a greater possibility of adaptation of  this variety in the charland. Dr. M.A.K. Mian (PI)  and three Co-PI of the project jointly conducted the research work at Lokhikunda, BBC bazar, Vheramera and Daulatpur Upazillas of Pabna and Kushtia district of Bangladesh.