 |
| T. aman rice |
 |
| Relay Mustard |
 |
| BARI Sarisha-11 |
Nutrient management in relay mustard with T.aman rice under zero tillage condition at Ishwardi region of Bangladesh
M.A.K.
Mian, Bangladesh Agricultural Research
Institute, Gazipur 1701, email: mianmd.abulkhayer@yahoo.com,
M.A. Aziz1 Bangladesh Agricultural
Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, m58abdulaziz@yahoo.com
M.N. Islam, Bangladesh Agricultural Research
Institute, Gazipur 1701, drmdnurulislam@yahoo.com
Introduction
Suitable nutrient management practice for
improving yield of mustard in relayed with T.aman rice under zero
tillage condition in high Ganges river floodplain soil (Aro-ecological zone 11)
of Bangladesh. Mustard is an important oilseed crop in Bangladesh
covering an area of 325053 ha with annual production of 359452 metric ton (BBS,
2016). Farmers generally do not use any fertilizers in relay mustard
cultivation (Mian et al., 2016). Relay
mustard with T. aman rice is a
traditional cropping pattern generally practiced by farmers in Bangladesh. But
there is no recommended nutrient management practice in existing relay mustard
with T. aman rice cropping system. In conservation
agriculture, crop is grown with minimum disturbance of soil and natural
biodiversity through tillage and no burning of crop residues (Anonymous, 2016).
In this connection relay mustard with T. aman
rice under zero tillage condition was attempted to improve the yield of mustard
through nutrient management and to conserve soil health.
Materials and Methods
Crop
residue of T.aman (30-40 cm) was
remained in the field. Mustard was broadcast before harvesting of T. aman rice. After harvesting of mustard
the residues of T. aman and mustard was
incorporated into the soil for adding organic matter into the soil. Treatments
were three nutrient management
practice viz. F0=Farmers
practices (no nutrient application), F1=All recommended nutrients (120-35-45-30-2-2
kg ha-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn-B) applied
at 7 days before relaying time, F2= All recommended nutrients (35-45-30-2-2
kg ha-1 of P-K-S-Zn-B and ½
N=60 kg ha-1 )
applied at relaying time + top dress rest ½ N (60 kg ha-1 ) during first irrigation at 20-25 days
after sowing), and two mustard varieties named BARI Sarisha-14 and BARI
Sarisha-11. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design
with three replications. Mustard was sown in 15-18 November in both the years.
Nutrient was applied as per speciation of the treatments. BARI Sarisha-14 was
harvested on 10-12 February and BARI Sarisha-11 was harvested on 1-3 March in
2014-15 and 2015-16. Initial soil analysis was done. Recommended nutrients were
applied according to soil analysis as per Fertilizer Recommendation Guide
(2012). Texture of the experimental soil was silty clay with pH 7.6 and organic
matter content of 1.17%. Nutrient status of N-P-K-S-Zn-B represented as 0.11%,
16 ppm, 0.17 meq/100 g soil, 15 ppm, 1.19 ppm, 0.27 ppm respectively in the
soil. Temperature ranged 16.10-23.21 0C in 2014-15 and 16.61-21.30 0C in 2015-16 during growing period. Crop received rainfall of zero mm
in 2014-15 and 0.92 mm in 2015-16. Crop received total sunshine hours of 301 in
2014-15 and 268 in 2016. Crop was irrigated at 20-25 and 40-45 days after
sowing. One hand weeding was one at 27-30 days after sowing. Data on crop
characters was collected at maturity of the crop. Means were compared by LSD
(0.05) after analysis of variance. Economic evaluation of the study was also
done.
Results
and Discussion
Results revealed that plant population
ranged 39-46 m-2 in 2014-15 and 49-54 m-2 in 2015-16 with
average of 46-50 m-2. Plant
height increased (96 cm in BARI Sarisha-14 and 154 cm in BARI Sarisha-11) in F2
indicating better plant growth as compared to F0 and F1.
Mean branches plant-1 was recorded the highest (4.69) in BARI
Sarisha-11 with F2 while the lowest (1.27) in BARI Sarisha-14 with F0.
Siliqua plant-1 was found the highest (165) in BARI Sarisha-11 with
F2 but the lowest (17) in BARI Sarisha-14 with F0 while
giving higher trend of siliqua plant-1 in BARI Sarisha-11. On the
contrary, seed silqua-1 was found higher (21.00-40.05) in BARI
Sarisha-14 but lower (7.20-10.50) in BARI Sarisha-11 producing the highest
value (38.90-41.20 with mean of 40.05) in BARI Sarisha-14 with F2.
Weight of 1000-seed was recorded the highest (3.16-3.35 g) in BARI Sarisha-14
with F1 and F2. Seed yield was found the highest in BARI
Sarisha-11 (1496-1633 kg ha-1 with mean of 1565 kg ha-1)
with F2 but the lowest (369-722) seed was produced in both varieties
with F0. However, BARI Sarisha-14 produced seed of 1046-1167 kg ha-1
with mean seed yield of 1107 kg ha-1 with F2. Seed yield
increased 54% in BARI Sarisha-11 and 67% in BARI Sarisha-14 with F2
over F0. Gross return (Tk. 93900 ha-1), margin (Tk. 65470
ha-1) and BCR (3.30) were computed higher in BARI Sarisha-11 with F2
as compared to other treatments. Soil analysis after two years cropping cycle (mustard
relayed with T. aman cv. BRRI dhan 28) indicated that soil fertility
might be sustained showing positive balance of nutrient except N (organic
matter content ranged 1.21-1.24% and P-K-S-Zn-B represented as 17-19 ppm, 0.18-0.20
meq/100 g soil, 16-18 ppm, 1.21-1.22 ppm, 0.29-0.30 ppm respectively) in F1
and F2. BARI Sarisha-11 relayed with T. aman rice when all recommended nutrients (35-45-30-2-2
kg ha-1 of P-K-S-Zn- B and ½
N=60 kg ha-1) applied
at relaying time + top dressed rest ½ N (60 kg ha-1 ) during first irrigation at 20-25 days
after sowing was found as suitable technology for utilization of fallow land at
Ishwardi region. The technology is less cost involving and economically
profitable. The technology also would help to sustain organic matter and soil
fertility in the cropping system of relay mustard with T. aman rice in
conservation agriculture.
Table 1. Seed
yield and straw yield of mustard relayed with T. aman rice under
zero tillage as influenced by
nutrient management
Seed yield (kg
ha-1)
|
Straw yield (kg
ha-1)
|
|||||
2014-15
|
2015-16
|
Mean
|
2014-15
|
2015-16
|
Mean
|
|
BARI Sarisha-14
with F0
|
386
|
351
|
369
|
1528
|
1506
|
1517
|
BARI Sarisha-14
with F1
|
875
|
753
|
814
|
1963
|
1866
|
1915
|
BARI Sarisha-14
with F2
|
1167
|
1046
|
1107
|
2467
|
2381
|
2424
|
BARI Sarisha-11
with F0
|
561
|
882
|
722
|
1725
|
1702
|
1714
|
BARI Sarisha-11
with F1
|
1125
|
1065
|
1095
|
2631
|
2468
|
2550
|
BARI Sarisha-11
with F2
|
1633
|
1496
|
1565
|
3925
|
3798
|
3862
|
LSD(0.05)
|
46
|
41
|
-
|
37
|
41
|
-
|
CV (%)
|
3.78
|
4.07
|
-
|
5.68
|
6.39
|
-
|
Table 2. Economic
evaluation of mustard relayed with T. aman
rice under zero tillage as
influenced by nutrient
management
Treatment
|
Cost of cultivation
(Tk. ha-1)
|
Gross return
(Tk. ha-1)
|
Gross margin (Tk. ha-1)
|
BCR
|
BARI Sarisha-14 with F0
|
13380
|
22140
|
8760
|
1.65
|
BARI Sarisha-14 with F1
|
27530
|
48840
|
21310
|
1.77
|
BARI Sarisha-14 with F2
|
28430
|
66420
|
37990
|
2.34
|
BARI Sarisha-11 with F0
|
13380
|
43320
|
29940
|
3.24
|
BARI Sarisha-11 with F1
|
27530
|
65700
|
38170
|
2.39
|
BARI Sarisha-11 with F2
|
28430
|
93900
|
65470
|
3.30
|
Table 3. Soil analysis (initial and
after two year of cropping cycle)
Soil analysis
|
OM (%)
|
N (%)
|
P (ppm)
|
K (meq/100 g)
|
S (ppm)
|
Zn (ppm)
|
B (ppm)
|
Initial
|
1.17
|
0.11
|
16
|
0.17
|
15
|
1.19
|
0.27
|
After two year cycle
|
1.21-1.24
|
0.08-0.10
|
17-19
|
0.18-0.20
|
16-18
|
1.21-1.22
|
0.29-0.30
|
References
Anonymous. 2016. Conservation agriculture:
Global Research and Resource. Cornell University, College Agriculture and Life
science. (Visited on 14 November 2016). Available
:http://conservationagriculture.mannlib.cornell.edu/
BBS. 2016. Yearbook of
Agricultural Statistics-2015,Bangladesh
Bureau of Statistics (BBS)
Ministry of Planning, Government of the
People’s Republic of Bangladesh. PP.119-122.
Fertlization
Recommendation Guide 2012. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council. Barmgate
Dhaka12015. PP.105-106.
Mian
M.A.K, J. Hossain and M.S. Islam. 2016. Performance of mustard varieties
relayed with T.aman rice under
different management. In: Annual
Research Report. Agronomy Division. Bagladesh Agricultural Resarch Institute,
Gazipur 1701. PP. 114-118.
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