Sunday, March 4, 2018

Nutrient management in relay mustard with T.aman rice under zero tillage condition at Ishwardi region of Bangladesh

T. aman rice
Relay Mustard





BARI Sarisha-11
















Nutrient management in relay mustard with T.aman rice under zero tillage condition at Ishwardi region of Bangladesh

M.A.K. Mian, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, email: mianmd.abulkhayer@yahoo.com,  

J. Hossain, Pulses Research Centre, Ishwardi 6620, email: jhossain56@gmail.com,

M.R. Islam, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishwardi 6620, email: rafiq_bari2@yahoo.com,

M.A. Aziz1 Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, m58abdulaziz@yahoo.com

M.N. Islam, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, drmdnurulislam@yahoo.com

Introduction

Suitable nutrient management practice for improving yield of mustard in relayed with T.aman rice under zero tillage condition in high Ganges river floodplain soil (Aro-ecological zone 11) of Bangladesh. Mustard is an important oilseed crop in Bangladesh covering an area of 325053 ha with annual production of 359452 metric ton (BBS, 2016). Farmers generally do not use any fertilizers in relay mustard cultivation (Mian et al., 2016). Relay mustard with T. aman rice is a traditional cropping pattern generally practiced by farmers in Bangladesh. But there is no recommended nutrient management practice in existing relay mustard with T. aman rice cropping system. In conservation agriculture, crop is grown with minimum disturbance of soil and natural biodiversity through tillage and no burning of crop residues (Anonymous, 2016). In this connection relay mustard with T. aman rice under zero tillage condition was attempted to improve the yield of mustard through nutrient management and to conserve soil health.  

Materials and Methods

Crop residue of T.aman (30-40 cm) was remained in the field. Mustard was broadcast before harvesting of T. aman rice. After harvesting of mustard the residues of T. aman and mustard was incorporated into the soil for adding organic matter into the soil. Treatments were three nutrient management practice viz. F0=Farmers practices (no nutrient application), F1=All recommended nutrients (120-35-45-30-2-2 kg ha-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn-B) applied at 7 days before relaying time, F2= All recommended nutrients (35-45-30-2-2 kg ha-1 of P-K-S-Zn-B and ½ N=60 kg ha-1 ) applied at relaying time + top dress rest ½ N (60 kg ha-1 ) during first irrigation at 20-25 days after sowing), and two mustard varieties named BARI Sarisha-14 and BARI Sarisha-11. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Mustard was sown in 15-18 November in both the years. Nutrient was applied as per speciation of the treatments. BARI Sarisha-14 was harvested on 10-12 February and BARI Sarisha-11 was harvested on 1-3 March in 2014-15 and 2015-16. Initial soil analysis was done. Recommended nutrients were applied according to soil analysis as per Fertilizer Recommendation Guide (2012). Texture of the experimental soil was silty clay with pH 7.6 and organic matter content of 1.17%. Nutrient status of N-P-K-S-Zn-B represented as 0.11%, 16 ppm, 0.17 meq/100 g soil, 15 ppm, 1.19 ppm, 0.27 ppm respectively in the soil. Temperature ranged 16.10-23.21 0C in 2014-15 and 16.61-21.30 0C in 2015-16 during growing period. Crop received rainfall of zero mm in 2014-15 and 0.92 mm in 2015-16. Crop received total sunshine hours of 301 in 2014-15 and 268 in 2016. Crop was irrigated at 20-25 and 40-45 days after sowing. One hand weeding was one at 27-30 days after sowing. Data on crop characters was collected at maturity of the crop. Means were compared by LSD (0.05) after analysis of variance. Economic evaluation of the study was also done.

Results and Discussion
Results revealed that plant population ranged 39-46 m-2 in 2014-15 and 49-54 m-2 in 2015-16 with average of 46-50 m-2.  Plant height increased (96 cm in BARI Sarisha-14 and 154 cm in BARI Sarisha-11) in F2 indicating better plant growth as compared to F0 and F1. Mean branches plant-1 was recorded the highest (4.69) in BARI Sarisha-11 with F2 while the lowest (1.27) in BARI Sarisha-14 with F0. Siliqua plant-1 was found the highest (165) in BARI Sarisha-11 with F2 but the lowest (17) in BARI Sarisha-14 with F0 while giving higher trend of siliqua plant-1 in BARI Sarisha-11. On the contrary, seed silqua-1 was found higher (21.00-40.05) in BARI Sarisha-14 but lower (7.20-10.50) in BARI Sarisha-11 producing the highest value (38.90-41.20 with mean of 40.05) in BARI Sarisha-14 with F2. Weight of 1000-seed was recorded the highest (3.16-3.35 g) in BARI Sarisha-14 with F1 and F2. Seed yield was found the highest in BARI Sarisha-11 (1496-1633 kg ha-1 with mean of 1565 kg ha-1) with F2 but the lowest (369-722) seed was produced in both varieties with F0. However, BARI Sarisha-14 produced seed of 1046-1167 kg ha-1 with mean seed yield of 1107 kg ha-1 with F2. Seed yield increased 54% in BARI Sarisha-11 and 67% in BARI Sarisha-14 with F2 over F0. Gross return (Tk. 93900 ha-1), margin (Tk. 65470 ha-1) and BCR (3.30) were computed higher in BARI Sarisha-11 with F2 as compared to other treatments. Soil analysis after two years cropping cycle (mustard relayed with T. aman cv. BRRI dhan 28) indicated that soil fertility might be sustained showing positive balance of nutrient except N (organic matter content ranged 1.21-1.24% and P-K-S-Zn-B represented as 17-19 ppm, 0.18-0.20 meq/100 g soil, 16-18 ppm, 1.21-1.22 ppm, 0.29-0.30 ppm respectively) in F1 and F2. BARI Sarisha-11 relayed with T. aman rice when all recommended nutrients (35-45-30-2-2 kg ha-1 of P-K-S-Zn- B and ½ N=60 kg ha-1) applied at relaying time + top dressed rest ½ N (60 kg ha-1 ) during first irrigation at 20-25 days after sowing was found as suitable technology for utilization of fallow land at Ishwardi region. The technology is less cost involving and economically profitable. The technology also would help to sustain organic matter and soil fertility in the cropping system of relay mustard with T. aman rice in conservation agriculture.          

Table 1. Seed yield and straw yield of mustard relayed with T. aman rice under
              zero tillage as influenced by nutrient management 




Seed yield (kg ha-1)
Straw yield (kg ha-1)

2014-15
2015-16
Mean
2014-15
2015-16
Mean
BARI Sarisha-14 with F0
386
351
369
1528
1506
1517
BARI Sarisha-14 with F1
875
753
814
1963
1866
1915
BARI Sarisha-14 with F2
1167
1046
1107
2467
2381
2424
BARI Sarisha-11 with F0
561
882
722
1725
1702
1714
BARI Sarisha-11 with F1
1125
1065
1095
2631
2468
2550
BARI Sarisha-11 with F2
1633
1496
1565
3925
3798
3862
LSD(0.05)
46
41
-
37
41
-
CV (%)
3.78
4.07
-
5.68
6.39
-

Table 2. Economic evaluation of mustard relayed with T. aman rice under zero tillage as
             influenced by nutrient management 

Treatment
Cost of cultivation 
(Tk. ha-1)
Gross return
 (Tk. ha-1)
Gross margin (Tk. ha-1)
BCR
BARI Sarisha-14 with F0
13380
22140
8760
1.65
BARI Sarisha-14 with F1
27530
48840
21310
1.77
BARI Sarisha-14 with F2
28430
66420
37990
2.34
BARI Sarisha-11 with F0
13380
43320
29940
3.24
BARI Sarisha-11 with F1
27530
65700
38170
2.39
BARI Sarisha-11 with F2
28430
93900
65470
3.30

Table 3. Soil analysis (initial and after two year of cropping cycle)

Soil analysis
OM (%)
N (%)
P (ppm)
K (meq/100 g)
S (ppm)
Zn (ppm)
B (ppm)
Initial
1.17
0.11
16
0.17
15
1.19
0.27
After two year cycle
1.21-1.24
0.08-0.10
17-19
0.18-0.20
16-18
1.21-1.22
0.29-0.30


References
Anonymous. 2016. Conservation agriculture: Global Research and Resource. Cornell University, College Agriculture and Life science. (Visited on 14 November 2016). Available :http://conservationagriculture.mannlib.cornell.edu/

BBS. 2016. Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics-2015,Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)
Ministry of Planning, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. PP.119-122.
(Available: www.bbs.gov.bd)

Fertlization Recommendation Guide 2012. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council. Barmgate Dhaka12015. PP.105-106.

Mian M.A.K, J. Hossain and M.S. Islam. 2016. Performance of mustard varieties relayed with T.aman rice under different management. In: Annual Research Report. Agronomy Division. Bagladesh Agricultural Resarch Institute, Gazipur 1701. PP. 114-118.

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